Harvard Referencing Style (FEFU)

Plagiarism is ‘the deliberate or reckless representation of another’s words, thoughts, or ideas as one’s own without attribution in connection with submission of academic work, whether graded or otherwise’ (University of North Carolina 2009).

• Copying chunks of text without using quotation marks and without appropriate acknowledgement; for example, cutting-and-pasting text from website encyclopaedias or online research papers or copying papers written by students who took the same course in previous years.
• Copying text and making very minor changes and without appropriate acknowledgement. This is an example of unacceptable paraphrasing.
• Copying a picture or photo from the Internet without appropriate acknowledgement. If you use images protected by copyright you must also obtain permission from the copyright owner.
• Copying all or part of the engineering drawings of another.
• Copying the melody of a song in a song-writing assignment without acknowledgement or permission from the copyright owner (if appropriate).
• Using another person's numerical spreadsheet without appropriate acknowledgement.
• Duplicating your own work, for example, by submitting almost exactly the same work for two different assignments.
• (In computer programming) Using code developed by another person without acknowledging him or her as the person who developed it (Epigeum 2011).

You may need written permission from the owner of copyrighted work if you include lengthy quotations or if you include reprinted or adapted tables of figures or drawings.

The term reprinting indicates that the material is reproduced exactly as it appeared originally without modifications in the way in which it was intended (e.g. use of direct quotes).

The term adaptation refers to the modification of material so that it is suitable for a new purpose (e.g. paraphrasing). It is the author’s responsibility to find out whether permission is required from the copyright owner and to obtain it for all works.